The shoebill is one of Africa’s most sought-after birds: a prehistoric-looking giant of papyrus swamps. It is thinly spread and threatened by wetland loss and capture for trade.
Interesting facts
- Its huge bill resembles a Dutch clog, giving it its name.
- It makes a loud machine-gun-like sound by clattering its bill.
- It was once classed with storks but is now in its own family.
- Pairs usually raise only one chick even though two may hatch.
- Parents bring water in their bills to cool the eggs and chick.
- Uganda’s Mabamba Swamp is one of the easiest places to see one.
Behaviour
Shoebills are solitary and patient hunters, standing still on floating vegetation to ambush prey.
Breeding and young
Nests are built on floating vegetation; one to three eggs are laid, and usually one chick survives.
Threats and conservation
Drainage and burning of wetlands, disturbance, and illegal capture for the live bird trade.
Where to see it
- Mabamba Swamp and Murchison Falls, Uganda
- Bangweulu Swamps, Zambia
- The Sudd, South Sudan
Status source: IUCN Red List. Profile last reviewed September 2026.
Where to see the shoebill
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