The red-bellied piranha is the best-known of dozens of piranha species. Its fearsome reputation is largely exaggerated; it is a scavenger and opportunistic predator important in cleaning rivers.
Interesting facts
- Its razor-sharp teeth interlock and are replaced in batches.
- Piranhas make barking sounds when caught or threatened.
- Attacks on people are rare, usually bites on hands or feet in low water.
- Many piranha species eat mostly seeds and plants.
- Their reputation owes much to exaggerated accounts, including one by Theodore Roosevelt.
- They are a popular food fish in South America.
Behaviour
Piranhas live in shoals and feed mostly at dawn and dusk.
Breeding and young
Pairs build nests in vegetation, and males guard the eggs.
Threats and conservation
Widespread; affected by dams and pollution in places.
Where to see it
- Pantanal, Brazil (piranha fishing trips)
- Amazon rivers in Brazil, Peru and Ecuador
Status source: IUCN Red List. Profile last reviewed September 2026.
