The Himalayan monal is a spectacular pheasant of the Himalayan mountains. The males are among the most colourful birds in Asia, and the species is a symbol of the high Himalaya.
Interesting facts
- It is also the state bird of Uttarakhand, India.
- Monals dig for roots and tubers with their strong, curved bills, even in snow.
- Males have a spoon-shaped crest on their heads.
- Females are mottled brown for camouflage on the nest.
- Hunting for its crest feathers, once used to decorate hats, was banned in Himachal Pradesh in 1982.
- Monals often glide down steep slopes with loud whistling calls.
Behaviour
Monals are shy and live in pairs or small groups. They feed on steep, grassy slopes and move lower in winter.
Breeding and young
Females lay three to five eggs in a scrape on the ground and incubate them for about four weeks.
Threats and conservation
The species is widespread but faces hunting and habitat disturbance in some areas.
Where to see it
- Chopta and Tungnath, Uttarakhand, India
- Great Himalayan National Park, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Sagarmatha National Park and the Everest trek, Nepal
- Chele La Pass, Bhutan
Status source: IUCN Red List. Profile last reviewed September 2026.
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