The fossa is a sleek, cat-like carnivore found only in Madagascar. It is the island’s top predator and the main natural enemy of lemurs.
Interesting facts
- Although it looks like a cat, the fossa is related to mongooses.
- Lemurs make up about half of its diet.
- Its flexible ankles and semi-retractable claws make it an agile climber.
- Females mate in trees with several males over a few days.
- Young females temporarily develop male-like features, possibly to avoid harassment.
- Its long tail helps it balance in the trees.
Behaviour
Fossas are solitary and can be active by day or night. They hunt both on the ground and in trees, ambushing lemurs and other prey.
Breeding and young
After about three months, females give birth to two to four cubs in a den in a rock crevice, tree hollow or termite mound. Cubs stay with their mother for over a year.
Threats and conservation
Deforestation, hunting, persecution for killing poultry and diseases spread by domestic dogs and cats.
Where to see it
- Kirindy Forest, western Madagascar, especially in October and November
- Ankarafantsika National Park, Madagascar
- Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar (rare)
- Accredited zoos
Status source: IUCN Red List. Profile last reviewed September 2026.
Ranomafana and Isalo: A Madagascar Wildlife Itinerary
